{"id":753,"date":"2023-01-24T11:04:52","date_gmt":"2023-01-24T11:04:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.seezon.be\/mment-traiter-les-plantes-malades\/"},"modified":"2023-01-24T13:01:16","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T13:01:16","slug":"mment-traiter-les-plantes-malades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.seezon.be\/fr\/mment-traiter-les-plantes-malades\/","title":{"rendered":"mment traiter les plantes malades ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Comment traiter les plantes malades au potager et au jardin d’ornement en \u00e9t\u00e9 ?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

En \u00e9t\u00e9, chaleur et humidit\u00e9 favorisent la prolif\u00e9ration de maladies aussi bien au potager, au verger qu’au jardin d’ornement. La meilleure des luttes \u00e9tant la pr\u00e9vention, il est primordial d’anticiper en offrant les meilleures conditions de culture aux plantes, mais aussi de savoir poser un diagnostic afin de mieux cibler les traitements. <\/p>\n\n

Mieux vaut pr\u00e9venir que gu\u00e9rir<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Les maladies qui s\u00e9vissent au jardin en \u00e9t\u00e9 comme l’o\u00efdium, la moniliose, la pourriture grise ou le mildiou sont provoqu\u00e9es par des microchampignons. Des actions pr\u00e9ventives toutes simples vont limiter les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts, car une fois d\u00e9clar\u00e9es, ces maladies sont difficiles \u00e0 juguler. <\/p>\n\n

Les actions pr\u00e9ventives<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Une plante en souffrance est plus sensible aux maladies et aux parasites. Un stress hydrique, un substrat inadapt\u00e9, des plantations trop serr\u00e9es, voire une carence ou un exc\u00e8s en nutriments peuvent constituer autant de points rendant les plantes plus fragiles. V\u00e9rifier les conditions de culture pour corriger les param\u00e8tres d\u00e9ficients. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Planter des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes certifi\u00e9es comme des tomates, des poivrons ou des melons s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es pour ne pas \u00eatre sensibles aux maladies les plus courantes. Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des rosiers, cibler les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s labellis\u00e9es ADR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Les microchampignons causant les maladies cryptogamiques ont besoin d’humidit\u00e9 pour se d\u00e9velopper. L’arrosage doit \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 au pied des plantes et non sur le feuillage. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Pailler le pied des cucurbitac\u00e9es, des tomates et des fraisiers pour les prot\u00e9ger de la terre et des projections d’eau car de nombreuses maladies sommeillent dans le sol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Utiliser des purins de plantes pour pr\u00e9venir maladies et parasites. D\u00e9coctions d’ail et purins de pr\u00eale sont les plus efficaces en pr\u00e9vention des maladies cryptogamiques. Le purin d’ortie sera utilis\u00e9 pour renforcer les plantes. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Couper et br\u00fbler les parties atteintes en pensant \u00e0 d\u00e9sinfecter les lames du s\u00e9cateur entre chaque plante pour ne pas propager les maladies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ne jamais laisser de feuilles ou fruits malades pourrir au sol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Au verger, \u00e9liminer tous les fruits malades et ne pas laisser les fruits se momifier sur l’arbre car ils constituent de v\u00e9ritables r\u00e9servoirs \u00e0 maladies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Reconna\u00eetre les principales maladies pour mieux cibler les traitements<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n
      \n
    • O\u00efdium : feutrage blanc ainsi que de discrets filaments. La maladie se d\u00e9veloppe lorsque le temps est humide et que les temp\u00e9ratures augmentent. Tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sent sur les melons, courgettes, concombres, rosiers et fraisiers.<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Mildiou : taches brunes sur le feuillage et parfois un l\u00e9ger feutrage blanch\u00e2tre au revers. La maladie s’\u00e9tend aux fleurs, aux fruits et aux tubercules rendant les r\u00e9coltes impossibles. Tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sent sur la tomate et la pomme de terre.<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Pourriture grise (botrytis) : un feutrage gris se d\u00e9veloppe sur les fruits, les fleurs se fl\u00e9trissent, les feuilles pr\u00e9sentent des taches brunes, les tiges se dess\u00e8chent. Tr\u00e8s commun sur le fraisier, les petits fruits rouges, la tomate, le rosier.<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Moniliose : hiverne dans les fruits momifi\u00e9s ou ceux qui pourrissent au sol, mais aussi dans les blessures. Des taches beiges en cercles concentriques de points blancs ou brun clair tr\u00e8s caract\u00e9ristiques se d\u00e9veloppent sur les fruits qui se ramollissent et pourrissent. Cette maladie concerne le verger.<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Rouille : taches circulaires orang\u00e9es sur les feuilles dont le revers est couvert de pustules. Cette maladie est courante sur le rosier, la rose tr\u00e9mi\u00e8re, le p\u00e9largonium, mais aussi la pomme de terre ou le haricot.<\/strong> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Marsonia (maladie des t\u00e2ches noires) : taches noires s’aur\u00e9olant de jaune sur le feuillage qui finit par tomber. Pathologie tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quente sur le rosier.<\/strong> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Comment traiter les plantes malades au potager et au jardin d’ornement en \u00e9t\u00e9 ? En \u00e9t\u00e9, chaleur et humidit\u00e9 favorisent la prolif\u00e9ration de maladies aussi bien au potager, au verger qu’au jardin d’ornement. La meilleure des luttes \u00e9tant la pr\u00e9vention, il est primordial d’anticiper en offrant les meilleures conditions de culture aux plantes, mais aussi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":735,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[60,61,59],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maladies-et-parasites-des-plantes","category-maladies-des-plantes","category-resolutions-de-problemes"],"acf_fields":{"image":null},"categories_data":[{"term_id":60,"name":"Maladies et parasites des 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